Final answer:
The Supreme Court did not pass child labor laws but declared some early attempts unconstitutional. It was Congress that passed the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938, which includes provisions against the exploitation of child labor that are still in effect today.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court of the United States did not directly pass child labor laws, but it did play a significant role in the legislative process regarding such laws. After many efforts to restrict child labor, it was not until the passage of the Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938 that federal law finally placed restrictions on the employment and abuse of child workers in the United States. This law, among other things, set limits on potentially dangerous jobs for children and established minimum age requirements for employment.
Previous laws like the Keating-Owen Act of 1916, which prohibited the interstate trade of goods produced by child labor, were struck down by the Supreme Court as unconstitutional. However, the persistent efforts of groups such as the National Child Labor Committee (NCLC) and the creation of the U.S. Children's Bureau in 1912 eventually led to the success of the Fair Labor Standards Act.
It is important to note that the Supreme Court's role was to interpret the constitutionality of the legislation passed by Congress, not to pass laws itself. The final establishment of child labor laws was a result of persistent legislative action and Progressive reforms aimed at protecting the welfare of children.