Final answer:
The exposure rate to x-rays increases with higher milliamperage and kilovoltage peak, and decreases with greater source-to-image distance. The dose in Sv can be calculated from the exposure details provided. Protection from radiation involves using shielding, increasing distance from the source, and minimizing exposure time.
Step-by-step explanation:
The exposure rate of film in radiography increases with an increase in milliamperage (mA), kilovoltage peak (kVp), and decreases with an increase in source-to-image distance (SID). When x-ray beam intensity is 1.50 W/m² and the area of the chest exposed is 0.0750 m², with 35.0% of the x-rays absorbed in 20.0 kg of tissue and an exposure time of 0.250 s, the dose in sieverts (Sv) can be calculated. The relationship between sieverts, grays (Gy), and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) is given by: Sv = Gy x RBE, also 1 Sv = 100 rem. Effective dose management in radiology uses shielding, distance, and time. To reduce exposure, lead aprons are used for patient protection, and technicians use protective barriers.