Final answer:
Anaphylactic shock or anaphylaxis is a sudden and severe allergic reaction characterized by throat constriction, itching, and potential respiratory distress. Immediate treatment with epinephrine is crucial to manage the symptoms and prevent life-threatening complications. At-risk individuals should carry an epinephrine autoinjector like an EpiPen®.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treating Anaphylactic Shock
Anaphylactic shock, also known as anaphylaxis, represents a severe and potentially life-threatening type I hypersensitivity reaction that is systemic in nature. Early symptoms of anaphylactic shock can manifest as a constriction of the throat, itching of palms and soles, and difficulty speaking, which may be confused with dysphasia. It is crucial to recognize these symptoms promptly as they signify a serious medical emergency.
Anaphylaxis can lead to a severe drop in blood pressure, respiratory distress, and swelling of the tongue and throat that may result in suffocation if not treated immediately. Treatment usually involves the administration of epinephrine, which works by constricting blood vessels to increase blood pressure, relaxing smooth muscles in the lungs to improve breathing, modulating heart rate, and reducing swelling to clear the airways. People at risk are advised to carry an epinephrine autoinjector, like an EpiPen®, as a first-aid response until they can obtain medical care.