Final answer:
Criminal law involves rules and punishments for prohibited conduct, while criminal procedure deals with the steps of administering justice. The specific part of criminal law defines crimes and penalties, and the general part covers overarching legal principles. The criminal justice system comprises law enforcement, judiciary, and corrections.
Step-by-step explanation:
Distinguishing Criminal Law from Criminal Procedure:
The question addresses the differences between criminal law and criminal procedure, as well as the distinctions within the field of criminal law. Criminal law pertains to the body of laws that define prohibited conduct that can harm others and prescribe punishments for those actions. It classifies crimes as either felonies or misdemeanors. Criminal procedure, in contrast, refers to the series of steps and rules through which the criminal justice system administers these laws, including the process of charging, trying, and sentencing individuals accused of crimes. Regarding the specific and general parts of criminal law, the specific part typically includes definitions of various crimes and their respective punishments, while the general part encompasses principles that apply to multiple offenses, such as definitions of intent and accountability.
Understanding the Criminal Justice System:
The criminal justice system consists of three main parts: law enforcement (police), courts (judiciary), and corrections (prisons). Each plays a critical role in enforcing criminal law and executing criminal procedure. Law enforcement identifies and apprehends individuals accused of crimes; courts are responsible for determining guilt and issuing sentences; and corrections institutions carry out the penalty as decreed by the courts.