Final answer:
Culdocentesis is the surgical procedure for removing fluid from the rectouterine pouch, which can help diagnose or treat various pelvic conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical puncture procedure used to remove fluid from the rectouterine pouch, also known as the Pouch of Douglas, is called culdocentesis. This invasive procedure is sometimes used to diagnose conditions such as ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The process involves inserting a needle through the vaginal wall into the pelvic cavity to remove the fluid for diagnostic purposes or to relieve pressure.