Final answer:
Management of Type 2 diabetes in elderly patients, such as a 66-year-old woman, involves lifestyle modifications, regular blood-sugar monitoring, and possibly medication or insulin injections. Preventive care, including vaccination against influenza, is also an important aspect of managing the health of diabetic patients due to their heightened risk of infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Management of Type 2 Diabetes in a 66-year-old Woman
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), especially in elderly populations like a 66-year-old woman, requires careful management due to the impact of aging on glucose metabolism. As individuals age, they experience spikes in blood glucose levels more rapidly, and it takes longer for these levels to return to normal. This condition is often exacerbated by increased glucose intolerance due to a gradual decline in cellular insulin sensitivity. Understanding that nearly 27 percent of Americans aged 65 and older have diabetes underscores the importance of both pharmacological and lifestyle interventions.
To enhance glycemic control and manage the blood glucose levels, a combination of lifestyle modifications, including a healthful diet, regular physical activity, and weight management, is recommended. These lifestyle changes can increase insulin sensitivity and potentially reverse the progression of T2DM. Pharmacological options can include oral medications that improve pancreatic function or, if necessary, insulin injections. Moreover, regular monitoring of blood-sugar levels is essential for managing the disease effectively.
Aside from glycemic control, preventive care such as the ordering of an influenza vaccine is critical for T2DM patients, given their increased susceptibility to infections. A flu shot is highly recommended as it can help prevent complications that could arise from contracting the flu, which can be more severe in diabetic individuals.