Final answer:
Primary prevention for CHD in type II diabetes patients involves lifestyle changes and medications. Medications like statins, nitroglycerin, calcium channel blockers, and antiplatelet drugs help reduce the risk by lowering cholesterol, improving blood flow, and preventing blood clots. Lifestyle changes include maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing diabetes and cholesterol levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
Primary prevention for coronary heart disease (CHD), especially for type II diabetes patients, involves both lifestyle changes and medications. Medications that are effective in reducing the risk of CHD include.
- Statins: These drugs reduce cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which synthesizes cholesterol. By lowering cholesterol levels, statins help prevent plaque buildup in the arteries.
- Nitroglycerin: This medication helps widen the blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart.
- Calcium channel blockers and/or beta-blockers: These drugs help relax blood vessels and reduce heart rate, reducing the workload on the heart.
- Antiplatelet drugs: Aspirin and other antiplatelet drugs help prevent blood clots from forming in the arteries, reducing the risk of blockages.
Lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and managing diabetes and cholesterol levels, also play a key role in preventing CHD.