Final answer:
The increased risk for bacterial infections in a client with 60% body surface area partial-thickness burns is due to the loss of skin as a protective barrier, susceptibility to secondary infections from pain sensation and skin lesions, and the creation of a nutrient-rich environment for bacteria. Injury to the skin facilitates deeper tissue invasion by microbes, and the weakened immune response hinders the body's ability to combat infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
A client with partial-thickness burns covering 60% of the body has an increased risk for acquiring bacterial infections. Several factors contribute to this vulnerability. First, the damage from burns causes the death of skin cells, leading to the loss of a vital protective barrier against pathogens. Second, the pain sensation and skin lesions can increase susceptibility to secondary injuries and infections. Finally, the exposed and damaged tissue provides a nutrient-rich environment that is conducive to bacterial growth, making infections more likely to occur.
Injury or damage to the skin allows microbes to enter and multiply in the deeper layers of tissue, which can lead to localized or systemic infections. The risk of infection is further exacerbated by potential complications like dehydration, which can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off invading pathogens. Proper hygiene and vigilant wound care are essential to minimize the risk of infection and to manage existing infections effectively.
Mark's case illustrates how a rapidly progressing infection can lead to serious complications like necrotizing fasciitis, necessitating aggressive treatment including broad-spectrum antibiotics. Conversely, Barbara's management included topical antiseptics and a course of antibiotics for a localized infection at the catheter site.