Final answer:
The client with type 2 diabetes mellitus prescribed metformin should be educated on regular blood glucose monitoring, the importance of a healthful diet, regular physical activity, medication adherence, side effects of metformin, and the potential need for additional medications or insulin if blood glucose levels remain uncontrolled despite these measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
A client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has been prescribed metformin 500mg PO twice daily requires education on several important aspects of managing their condition. The nurse should instruct the client on the importance of regular blood glucose testing, as maintaining blood glucose levels within the normal range is crucial for managing diabetes. In addition, the client should be advised on the importance of lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthful diet and incorporating regular physical activity into their routine.
The nurse should educate the client on the mode of action of metformin, which works by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity, thereby reducing blood glucose levels. It's also essential to inform the client about potential side effects of metformin, like gastrointestinal upset, and to advise them to report any severe or persistent adverse reactions to their healthcare provider. Moreover, the nurse should emphasize the significance of taking metformin as prescribed and the potential risks of non-compliance.
Education should extend to dietary recommendations and the potential impact of certain foods on blood glucose levels. The client should be encouraged to adopt a balanced diet rich in fiber and low in simple sugars. Lastly, the nurse should discuss the possible need for future medications or insulin injections if blood glucose levels aren't controlled with metformin and lifestyle modifications.