Final answer:
In complex experimental designs, researchers analyze interaction effects using ANOVA, interpret main and simple effects if interactions are present, and focus on main effects alone when interactions are absent. Results are presented using tables or graphs, and findings are discussed within the context of existing literature, with ethical considerations included in their methodology.
Step-by-step explanation:
When analyzing the results of complex experimental designs, researchers look for potential interaction effects between variables. If an interaction effect is present, it suggests that the impact of one independent variable on the dependent variable differs depending on the level of another independent variable. In this case, the analysis may involve looking at simple main effects or conducting a post-hoc analysis to better understand the nuances of the interaction. If no interaction effect is found, researchers often examine the main effects of each independent variable on the dependent variable separately.
Statistical analysis is conducted using methods such as ANOVA (analysis of variance) to test for statistical significance. If the results of an experiment show no significant difference between the experimental and control group, it is usually concluded that the experimental manipulation had no measurable effect. It is also essential that the experimental design adheres to ethical standards, ensuring that it is not causing harm to participants.
Results are generally presented in the form of tables or graphs to facilitate understanding. Then, in the results and/or discussion sections, the researcher will interpret the findings, relate the variables, and attempt to explain why certain observations were made. A comprehensive review of previous literature is essential to place new findings in the context of existing knowledge and is typically included with proper citations.