Final answer:
Exenatide (Byetta) is contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, as it may increase the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medication that is contraindicated in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is Exenatide (Byetta). MTC is a form of thyroid cancer that can be part of a genetic syndrome. Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, which means that it may increase the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. It is generally advised to avoid this medication in patients with a history of thyroid cancer or in those with a family history of the disease. The other medications listed, such as Pioglitazone (Actos), Metformin (Glucophage), and Chlorpropamide (Diabinese), do not carry the same risk for thyroid tumors and therefore are not contraindicated in the same manner as Exenatide with regards to medullary thyroid carcinoma.