Final answer:
To make a radar system more sensitive, one could increase the transmitted pulse power for improved signal strength and enhance the receiver sensitivity to detect weaker echoes. These improvements enable better detection and tracking of aircraft at longer ranges, crucial for efficient air traffic control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The use of radar in air traffic control systems significantly increases efficiency by providing precise information about the position, distance, and speed of aircraft, even in poor visibility conditions. To improve the sensitivity of a radar set, allowing it to detect objects at longer ranges, two possible enhancements could be implemented. First, increasing the power of the transmitted pulse would result in stronger signals being sent out and therefore stronger echoes being returned. Second, enhancing the radar receiver's sensitivity to weaker signals would allow it to better detect and process the returning echoes from distant objects.
These improvements would work because a more powerful transmitted signal provides a better chance of detecting distant objects as the signal's strength diminishes with distance. Furthermore, a more sensitive receiver can pick up the weaker echoes that come back from objects that are far away. This enhancement enables more accurate tracking of aircraft, which is crucial for maintaining the safety and efficiency of airspace management.