Final answer:
The initiation of treatment with N-acetylcysteine for an acetaminophen overdose is based on plasma levels and time since ingestion, referring to the Rumack-Matthew nomogram. Specific plasma concentration thresholds are used by medical professionals, and immediate medical attention is required in overdose cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment for acetaminophen overdose with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is typically initiated based on plasma levels of acetaminophen and the time since ingestion. If a patient's plasma levels are charted above the treatment line on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram, which takes into account the hours since ingestion and the plasma acetaminophen concentration, NAC should be administered.
For exact plasma concentration thresholds, medical personnel refer to established treatment nomograms and guidelines. It is critical that a healthcare professional evaluates the patient, as dosing and treatment initiation are dependent on specific factors including the amount ingested and the time of presentation after the overdose. The goal is to prevent liver damage, given that acetaminophen overdose can lead to severe hepatic toxicity.
Non-medical professionals should not attempt to determine when to begin treatment; they should seek immediate medical attention if an overdose is suspected.