Final answer:
The diagnostic work-up for testicular cancer usually involves a physical examination, ultrasound, blood tests, and potentially a CT scan, but not a biopsy. Early detection and treatment result in one of the highest cure rates among cancers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diagnosis of Testicular Cancer:
The diagnostic work-up (w/u) for testicular cancer typically begins with the detection of a lump in the testis during a physical examination. Following this, an ultrasound is often performed to ascertain the size, location, and characteristics of the lump. Additionally, blood tests may be utilized to detect and measure specific tumor-marker proteins that could indicate the presence of testicular cancer. Unlike prostate cancer, a biopsy is not usually recommended for testicular cancer due to the risk of spreading cancer cells into the scrotum. A CT scan may be conducted to check for the spread of cancer beyond the testis. If diagnosed, treatment options generally include surgery, possibly followed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy, with a high cure rate especially when caught early.