Final answer:
Both vessels must alter their course to starboard to pass safely when meeting head-on, as there is no designated "right of way" in this situation. Adherence to maritime navigation rules and clear communication are critical for avoiding collisions at sea.
Step-by-step explanation:
When meeting another vessel head-on, the nautical rules of navigation come into play, specifically the rules about how to avoid collisions at sea. There is no designated "right of way" in this situation, so both vessels are expected to alter their course to starboard (to the right) to pass port-to-port (left side to left side) safely. This is analogous to cars on a road keeping to their respective lanes when approaching head-on. Moreover, clear communication and situational awareness are imperative to maintain safety.
The excerpts provided, albeit vivid in detailing maritime experiences, describe situations where vessels and crew face challenges at sea. However, they don't offer specific instructions for a head-on encounter. In real-life navigation, adhering to protocols and utilizing proper signals to communicate intentions can prevent accidents. Crews must remain attentive and prepared to take decisive action when navigating near other vessels or potential hazards.