Final answer:
The statement about the pharmacy commission's police powers is typically false; they regulate the practice of pharmacy but do not enforce laws like the police. The claim that the necessary and proper clause limits the power of the national government is also false; it has historically been used to expand congressional powers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the pharmacy commission has "police powers" is typically False. Police powers, within the context of United States legal discussions, refer to the broad state powers to regulate for the public health, safety, morals, and welfare of the public. Pharmacy commissions are regulatory bodies that oversee the practice of pharmacy and the distribution of medications. However, they do not have enforcement power like the police to regulate other aspects of health and safety or impose criminal penalties. They can ensure compliance with pharmacy laws through administrative actions such as issuing licenses, setting professional standards, and imposing sanctions on pharmacies and pharmacists.
The confusion might arise from the broader sense of the term "policing," which can imply some form of regulatory supervision. But this is different from the typical enforcement powers associated with police organizations, which include arresting people and charging them with crimes. In the case of pharmacy commissions, while they can take action to ensure compliance with pharmacy laws, they do not have the authority to enforce other types of laws as police do.
Regarding Exercise 9.3.1, the statement that "The necessary and proper clause has had the effect of limiting the power of the national government" is False. The necessary and proper clause, also known as the elastic clause, is found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. This clause gives Congress the power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution its powers. It has been historically interpreted to have expanded the power of the national government rather than limit it, by allowing Congress to pass laws beyond those explicitly listed in the Constitution as long as they are in service to the execution of its expressed powers.