Final answer:
CML involves a chromosomal abnormality known as the Philadelphia chromosome resulting from a translocation between chromosome 9 and 22. Treatments include targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and potentially a bone marrow transplant. Genome mapping is valuable for identifying genetic abnormalities in cancers and guiding treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that primarily affects the blood and bone marrow. The chromosome that plays an important role in CML is chromosome 22, specifically due to the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome, which is a result of a translocation between chromosome 9 and 22.
Treatment options for CML include targeted therapy drugs like imatinib, which specifically inhibits the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase produced by the Philadelphia chromosome. Other treatments may involve chemotherapy, interferon therapy, or a bone marrow transplant, which can cure leukemia by replacing diseased or damaged bone marrow with donated bone marrow cells that produce healthy blood cells.
Genome mapping applications can be crucial for the treatment of genetically based cancers, like CML, as they help identify specific genetic abnormalities, enabling targeted therapy and leading to more effective and personalized cancer treatment.