Final answer:
The freezing point of a solution can be calculated using the formula: change in freezing point = i * K * m, where i represents the van't Hoff factor, K is the cryoscopic constant, and m is the molality of the solution. In the case of NaCl dissolved in water, the van't Hoff factor is typically 2, the cryoscopic constant for water is -1.86 °C/m, and the molality can be calculated. Substituting these values into the formula will give you the freezing point of the solution in °C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The freezing point of a solution can be calculated using the formula:
change in freezing point = i * K * m
where:
- i represents the van't Hoff factor, which is the number of particles the solute breaks into when it dissolves;
- K is the cryoscopic constant, which is a constant specific to each solvent;
- m is the molality of the solution, which is the number of moles of solute divided by the mass of the solvent in kilograms.
In the case of the salt NaCl dissolved in water, the van't Hoff factor (i) is typically 2, the cryoscopic constant (K) for water is -1.86 °C/m, and the molality (m) can be calculated by dividing the mass of NaCl by the mass of water. By substituting these values into the formula, you can calculate the change in freezing point, which will give you the freezing point of the solution in °C. Remember that the freezing point of pure water is 0 °C.