Question

Explain the causes and treatment of Anion gap metabolic acidosis using "MUDPILES."

Answer 1

Anion gap metabolic acidosis occurs when the blood is too acidic due to too little bicarbonate. A mnemonic to remember some of the causes is "MUDPILES" which stands for Methanol, Uremia, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Propylene glycol, Isoniazid, Lactic acidosis, Ethylene glycol, and Salicylates. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause.

Step-by-step explanation:

Metabolic acidosis occurs when the blood is too acidic due to too little bicarbonate, a condition called primary bicarbonate deficiency. The most common cause of metabolic acidosis is the presence of organic acids or excessive ketones in the blood. A useful mnemonic to remember some of the causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis is "MUDPILES" which stands for:

1. Methanol
2. Uremia
3. Diabetic ketoacidosis
4. Propylene glycol
5. Isoniazid
6. Lactic acidosis
7. Ethylene glycol
8. Salicylates

Each of these substances can cause an increased anion gap metabolic acidosis by different mechanisms. Treatment for anion gap metabolic acidosis involves addressing the underlying cause, such as discontinuing any medications or substances contributing to the acidosis and providing supportive care.