Final answer:
The mnemonic 'C BIG K' represents the treatment steps for hyperkalemia, involving the administration of calcium, bicarbonate, insulin (with glucose), diuretics, and Kayexalate to counter the high levels of potassium in the blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment for Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia is a medical condition characterized by an elevated potassium blood level, which can be dangerous as it impairs the function of muscles, the nervous system, and the heart. It is critical to correct this condition to prevent fatal outcomes, particularly cardiac arrest.
The mnemonic 'C BIG K' helps medical professionals remember the treatment steps for hyperkalemia:
Calcium (calcium gluconate or calcium chloride) to stabilize the heart cells' membranes.
Bicarbonate for shifting potassium back into cells.
Insulin (with glucose) to shift potassium into cells.
Glucose administration to prevent hypoglycemia when insulin is used.
Diuretics, like furosemide, to increase potassium excretion.
Kayexalate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) to remove potassium from the body through the gastrointestinal tract.
If administered improperly, such as giving potassium intravenously to a patient with impaired kidney function, you could exacerbate hyperkalemia. Instead, correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances cautiously.