Final answer:
Flank pain with gross hematuria suggests kidney stones, which are mineral crystal deposits that can block the urinary tract, causing severe pain and potentially compromising kidney function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Flank pain accompanied by gross hematuria can often indicate the presence of kidney stones, or renal calculi, within the urinary tract. Kidney stones are hard mineral crystal deposits that form inside the kidneys due to the concentration of substances like calcium, oxalate, and phosphorus. When these stones become large enough, usually 2-3 millimeters, they can cause blockage and provoke severe pain as the body attempts to pass them. This pain is often felt in the flank, lower abdomen, and groin — a condition known as renal colic. Associated symptoms can include nausea and vomiting, particularly due to the embryological links between the kidneys and the intestinal tract. Hematuria, the presence of blood in the urine, often occurs, signifying damage to the lining of the urinary tract caused by the stone's movement.
Kidney stones might pass without causing symptoms, but larger stones can block the ureter, leading to decreased kidney function and potential kidney damage. Treatments for larger kidney stones may include high-intensity ultrasound to break the stones into smaller pieces that can pass more easily, or surgical removal. It is important for individuals experiencing symptoms of kidney stones to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.