Final answer:
Beta blockers are given to hyperthyroid patients prior to surgery to control cardiovascular symptoms like a high heart rate and increased blood pressure, preventing potential surgical and anesthetic complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Beta Blockers in Hyperthyroidism Treatment Before Surgery
Beta blockers are utilized in hyperthyroid patients prior to surgery to manage symptoms associated with increased thyroid hormone activity. These symptoms can include a high heart rate (tachycardia), palpitations, and increased blood pressure. Beta blockers, such as metoprolol and propranolol, work by blocking the effects of hormones like norepinephrine at the beta-1 receptor, thus helping to prevent these cardiovascular symptoms. This is especially important before surgery, as hyperthyroidism can increase the risk of surgical and anesthetic complications. The use of beta blockers helps create a safer environment for the patient by stabilizing their heart rate and reducing overall stress on the heart.