Final answer:
The Constitution applies to government and private action. So, the correct answer is option d.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Constitution applies to government and private action. The Constitution is the supreme law of the United States and it applies to both government and private action. It establishes the framework and limits of government power, while also protecting the rights and liberties of individuals. For example, the Constitution guarantees freedom of speech and religion, which apply to both government actions and private actions. So, the correct answer is option d.