Final answer:
The terms 'acquired', 'congenital', and 'both eyes' add specificity to a diagnosis, referring to the origin of a condition and the number of eyes affected. They denote whether a vision condition is present at birth, developed later, or affecting one or both eyes, respectively, and help in the precise diagnosis and treatment of visual impairments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The descriptors acquired, congenital, and both eyes, when used in a diagnostic statement, serve to provide specificity about a patient's condition. These modifiers help in understanding whether a condition was present at birth (congenital), developed later (acquired), or impacts one or both eyes. In the context of vision, common issues include astigmatism, which causes uneven focus due to irregularities in the cornea or lens; myopia (nearsightedness), where distant objects appear blurry; and hyperopia (farsightedness), where close objects appear blurry. Conditions like bilateral hemianopia, caused by a growth pressing against the optic chiasm, result in the loss of lateral peripheral vision but are not a result of the visual system malfunctioning, but rather due to an external factor affecting it.
Further diagnostic details can include terms like diplopia (double vision), edema (fluid accumulation), and embolus (obstruction in a blood vessel), which may not be directly related to the visual system but can affect a patient's vision. Advanced diagnosis and corrective measures such as glasses with spherical or cylindrical corrections or surgery can address some of these conditions to improve quality of life and vision functionality.