Final answer:
The person bringing accusations in a civil case is called the plaintiff, who must prove their case beyond a preponderance of the evidence. The correct answer is option b.
Step-by-step explanation:
The person bringing accusations against another in a civil case is known as the plaintiff. The defendant is the party being accused of causing harm to the plaintiff. During the proceedings, it is the plaintiff's responsibility to prove the case beyond a preponderance of the evidence, which means that the evidence favors the plaintiff's side to a greater degree than the defendant's. Unlike civil cases, in criminal cases, the government assumes the role of the plaintiff, and the standard for proving the defendant's guilt is beyond a reasonable doubt.