Final answer:
Melanoma is a dangerous form of skin cancer that grows from melanocytes, often appearing as asymmetrical brown and black patches. The ABCDE mnemonic is helpful for early detection, and treatment normally involves surgical excision and immunotherapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer marked by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, which are the cells responsible for producing pigment in the skin. This form of cancer is especially dangerous due to its tendency to metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body, making early detection and treatment vital. The presentation of melanoma can vary but commonly includes large asymmetrical brown and black patches with uneven, irregular borders, and a raised texture.
To aid in the early detection of melanoma, doctors use the ABCDE mnemonic which stands for Asymmetry, irregular Borders, varied Color, Diameter greater than 6mm, and Evolving size, shape or color. Treatment for melanoma typically comprises of surgical excision and immunotherapy, aiming to remove the cancerous growth and help the immune system target any remaining cancer cells.