Final answer:
Diverticulosis is a condition characterized by the protrusion of pouches named diverticula, which form when the mucosa and submucosa layers of the large intestine wall herniate through the muscular layer.
Step-by-step explanation:
In diverticulosis, pouches called diverticula protrude from the large intestine, specifically from weaker spots in the colon wall. Generally, these pouches form in the sigmoid colon, the part of the colon closest to the rectum. The alimentary tract consists of four layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.
In diverticulosis, the pouches are formed when the mucosa and submucosa layers herniate through the muscular layer due to increased pressure within the lumen of the colon.