Final answer:
To diagnose cecal volvulus, fecal specimens are examined, and imaging techniques such as CT and MRI are used to visualize the twisted bowel. Serologic tests may detect parasitic infections, and treatment involves surgical intervention followed by medication if needed.
Step-by-step explanation:
To diagnose a cecal volvulus, a condition where the cecum, the beginning of the large intestine, twists on itself and causes obstruction, various diagnostic procedures are employed. Direct examination of fecal specimens may reveal signs of related infections. Microscopic analysis of stool samples from multiple days may be needed to identify potential parasitic infections, sometimes seen in patients with cecal volvulus.
Imaging techniques like CT scans and MRI are crucial in directly visualizing the twisted bowel segment and assessing the extent of the obstruction. In cases of suspected parasitic infections, serologic tests, including ELISA, may be used to detect specific antibodies. Treatment typically first involves surgical intervention to detorse and possibly resect the affected cecum and may be followed by anti-helminthic drugs if infection is present.