Final answer:
The patient with a dilated right colon is likely experiencing a large bowel obstruction due to colorectal carcinoma, requiring surgical and possible adjuvant therapy for treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The patient presenting with massively dilated right colon to the level of the mid-transverse colon with distal colonic decompression is likely experiencing a form of large bowel obstruction, possibly due to colorectal carcinoma. Given the description in the question and the reference to the invasive growth of cancer cells forming a tumor in the large intestine, this is a plausible diagnosis. Treatment (tx) in such cases often involves surgical intervention to remove the obstruction and the affected part of the colon, in addition to any necessary chemotherapy or radiation therapy depending on the stage and spread of the cancer.
Relevant vessels that could be potentially affected or involved due to their proximity to the colon include the superior mesenteric artery, middle colic artery, right colic artery, and the ileocolic artery. These vessels supply blood to the intestinal tract and could be implicated in complications such as ischemia if the obstruction impairs blood flow.