Final answer:
Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood, and it is the correct answer to the student’s multiple-choice question (D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical term for coughing up blood is Hemoptysis. This condition occurs when there is bleeding from the lungs or bronchial tubes, leading to blood being expelled from the airways during a cough. The correct answer to the student's question is D - Hemoptysis.
The other terms mentioned do not describe coughing up blood: A - Hemothorax is a condition where blood accumulates in the pleural cavity; B - Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine; C - Hematemesis involves vomiting blood.