Final answer:
The treatment for primary Raynaud's phenomenon involves lifestyle changes, avoidance of cold, stress management, and potentially pharmacotherapy such as calcium channel blockers or vasodilators in severe cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The treatment for persistent symptoms of primary Raynaud's phenomenon, when systemic symptoms (sx) are not present, includes lifestyle changes, avoidance of cold exposure, and stress management. Pharmacotherapy may be considered if symptoms are severe or interfere with daily activities.
Practical measures include keeping the body warm, wearing gloves, and the use of hand and foot warmers. Avoiding smoking and medications that can constrict blood vessels is advised. For stress reduction, techniques such as biofeedback, meditation, or yoga can be beneficial. If conservative measures are inadequate, calcium channel blockers like nifedipine are often the first choice in pharmacotherapy to help dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow. In severe cases that do not respond to other treatments, a doctor may consider prescribing vasodilators such as PDE-5 inhibitors or prostaglandins. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for precise diagnosis and tailored treatment.