Final answer:
Genu valgum, or knock-knee, can lead to various secondary complications such as increased stress on the knee leading to osteoarthritis, patellofemoral pain syndrome, and a higher risk of ankle sprains due to altered leg biomechanics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genu valgum, commonly known as knock-knee, is a condition where the knees angle inwards and touch one another when the legs are straightened. This can lead to a number of secondary complications if not addressed. Three noteworthy secondary complications associated with genu valgum include:
- Increased stress on the knee joint: The misalignment of the knee joint can lead to abnormal wear and tear of the joint surfaces over time. This can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, which is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and the underlying bone.
- Patellofemoral pain syndrome: The altered biomechanics of the leg due to genu valgum can cause the kneecap (patella) to track incorrectly, resulting in pain around the kneecap. This condition is often referred to as runner's knee.
- Increased likelihood of ankle sprains: An inward angulation of the knee can lead to an imbalance in the way weight is distributed through the lower limbs, potentially increasing the risk of ankle injuries, such as sprains, due to the instability.