The worksheet contains two tables related to atomic structure and the periodic table, asking for details about particles' properties and specific elements' and ions' compositions. The filled information provides a comprehensive understanding of these fundamental chemistry concepts.
The first table requires information about the location, mass, and charge of various atomic particles. Here's the information:
- Protons: They are located in the nucleus of an atom, have a mass of approximately 1 atomic mass unit (amu), and carry a positive charge (+1).
- Neutrons: They are also located in the nucleus, have a mass close to 1 amu, and are neutral (no charge).
- Electrons: They orbit the nucleus in electron shells or energy levels, have negligible mass compared to protons and neutrons, and carry a negative charge (-1).
- Nucleus: It is at the center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons, and carries a positive charge due to the protons.
- Atom: It is the smallest unit of a chemical element, and is neutral because the number of protons (positive charge) is usually equal to the number of electrons (negative charge).
The second table asks for details about specific elements and ions:
- Sodium (Na): It has 11 protons (atomic number), 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons, making its atomic mass approximately 23.
- Carbon-14: It's a radioactive isotope of carbon with 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons, giving it an atomic mass of 14.
- Bromine (Br): It typically has 35 protons, 44 neutrons (for Br-79 isotope), and 35 electrons, making its atomic mass approximately 79.
- Silver (Ag): It typically exists as Ag107 or Ag109 isotopes; Ag107 has 47 protons, 60 neutrons, and 47 electrons, giving it an atomic mass of 107.
- Lithium ion (Li⁺): It has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 2 electrons (since it lost one electron to become positively charged), making its atomic mass approximately 7.
- Oxygen molecule ion (O²⁻): It has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 10 electrons (since it gained two electrons to become negatively charged), making its atomic mass approximately 16.