Final answer:
There is no consensus among philosophers on a fixed number of universal ethical principles; however, some, like the Golden Rule, are widely recognized across diverse cultures and belief systems. Disputes arise in the nuances and applications of ethical rules in different social contexts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Philosophers have debated the existence of universal ethical principles for centuries, but they have yet to agree on a definitive set. Despite cultural variations and differing opinions, some believe there are enduring and universal ethical rules that all cultures can agree upon. The Golden Rule, which suggests that one should treat others as they wish to be treated, is one such principle that has widespread acceptance across various cultures and religions.
The Theory of Normative Ethical Relativism suggests that ethical beliefs are relative to each society or culture; however, even those who hold this view often make moral judgments on practices like female infanticide or genital mutilation, indicating an intrinsic belief in some universal moral wrongs. Furthermore, most societies across history have agreed on certain basic principles, such as the right to life and the condemnation of unjustified killing, despite nuances in what justifies such actions.