Final answer:
A hummingbird consumes approximately 0.00657 moles of sucrose per day from 9.0 g of sugar water that is 25% sucrose, by first finding the mass of sucrose and then dividing it by the molar mass of sucrose.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the number of moles of sucrose a hummingbird consumes, first determine the amount of sucrose consumed out of the 9.0 g of sugar water. Given that the sugar water is 25% sucrose, you can calculate the mass of pure sucrose by multiplying 9.0 g by 25%, which gives 2.25 g of sucrose.
Next, calculate the molar mass of sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) using the atomic masses of carbon (C = 12.01 g/mol), hydrogen (H = 1.008 g/mol), and oxygen (O = 16.00 g/mol). The molar mass of sucrose is calculated as:
(12 × 12.01 g/mol) + (22 × 1.008 g/mol) + (11 × 16.00 g/mol) = 342.30 g/mol.
Divide the mass of sucrose the hummingbird consumes (2.25 g) by the molar mass of sucrose (342.30 g/mol) to get the number of moles of sucrose consumed, which is:
2.25 g / 342.30 g/mol = 0.00657 mol
The hummingbird thus consumes approximately 0.00657 moles of sucrose per day.