Final answer:
The c) biosphere is the sphere of life on Earth, where typical temperatures range from 0°C to 45°C. The study of extremophiles has broadened the known conditions life can tolerate, raising hopes of finding life beyond our planet within this temperature range.
Step-by-step explanation:
The temperature range that supports life on Earth is generally between 0°C and 45°C, although there are extremophiles that can survive outside this range. The biosphere encompasses all ecosystems and living organisms, in addition to their interactions with the atmosphere (which provides the air), the hydrosphere (which includes all water bodies), and the geosphere (which includes all landforms). These components work together to create a hospitable environment for life as we know it.
Investigations into extremophiles have demonstrated that life can exist under a variety of extreme conditions, vastly broadening the scope of environments in which we might find life. This research has implications for our search for life beyond Earth, making scientists more optimistic that life could exist in other parts of the universe. Therefore, the range of temperature supporting life is a crucial aspect of the biosphere, which is the sphere of life on Earth.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C.