Final answer:
The formula for the universal gravitational constant is G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N · m²/kg². If the centers of the spheres are 20 cm apart, the force between the spheres can be calculated using the formula for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for the universal gravitational constant is G = 6.67 × 10-11 N · m²/kg². This constant applies to masses of any composition and remains the same throughout the Universe. In this case, if the centers of the spheres are 20 cm apart, the force between the spheres can be calculated using the formula for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:
F = (G * m1 * m2) / r²
where F is the force between the spheres, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the spheres, and r is the distance between their centers.
The formula for the universal gravitational constant, G, is G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N · m²/kg². This value is used in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, which describes the gravitational force (F) between two masses (m1 and m2) that are a certain distance (r) apart.
The equation to calculate the gravitational force is F = G × (m1 × m2) / r². If two spheres have their centers 20 cm apart, you would convert that distance into meters (0.2 m), and then use this along with the masses of the spheres in the above formula to calculate the force between them.