Final answer:
Nationalism is the term that describes strong feelings of loyalty to a shared culture or nation, including a desire for independence and self-rule. It emphasizes the promotion of a nation's culture and interests over those of other nations and has been instrumental in the formation of independent nations throughout history, particularly in nineteenth-century Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vocabulary word that means strong feelings of loyalty to a shared culture or nation, including a desire for independence and self-rule, is Nationalism. Nationalism involves loyalty and devotion to a nation, and it's characterized by a national consciousness that exalts one nation above all others. This implies placing a primary emphasis on the promotion of its culture and interests in contrast to those of other nations or supranational groups. Nationalism often drives the desire for a people with a common background to live independently under their own rule, as was the case with many peoples in Europe who achieved self-determination by forming their own nations from formerly smaller kingdoms, principalities, or areas ruled by larger empires.
Nationalism as an ideology promotes the interests of a nation over international concerns and advocates for the uniqueness and inherent superiority of an individual's own country over others. Although it can foster domestic stability by generating unity and loyalty within the nation, nationalism can also engender hostility towards outsiders and can marginalize minority communities. It has played a vital role in shaping modern history, particularly in Europe throughout the nineteenth century.