Final answer:
The Matterhorn is the mountain formed by the collision of the Eurasian plate and the African plate. This formation is a result of the orogenic process during the convergence of tectonic plates, which is part of plate tectonics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mountain that was formed by the collision of the Eurasian plate and the African plate is the Matterhorn. This iconic mountain is part of the Alps, a range created as a result of tectonic plate movements. When the African and Eurasian plates collided, it caused the earth's crust to buckle and fold, leading to the formation of mountain ranges such as the Alps. The Matterhorn is a prime example of a mountain that resulted from such orogeny, which is the geological process of mountain building. Mount Everest, although also formed by the collision of two continental plates, was produced by the convergence of the Indian and Eurasian plates, not the African and Eurasian plates.The process of mountain formation is complex and involves massive geological forces. As two continental masses converge, they create great pressure, causing the earth to respond by uplifting, folding, and creating mountain ranges. This phenomenon is part of a broader concept known as plate tectonics, which explains the movement of the Earth's lithosphere and the resulting geological features. The Alps and other mountain ranges offer evidence of these ancient convergent boundaries, which can be examined through the study of geology and topography.In conclusion, the Matterhorn is the mountain resulting from the collision of the Eurasian and African plates. It stands as a testament to the powerful geological processes of plate tectonics that have shaped our planet's topography over millions of years.