Final answer:
The method of selecting 50 students out of 300 by drawing names from a hat is a Random Sample, as it gives each student an equal chance of being chosen, ensuring the sample can accurately represent the full population.
Step-by-step explanation:
Choosing to survey 50 out of 300 students by drawing names out of a hat is described as a Random Sample. This method provides each individual within the larger group (population) an equal chance of being selected, which is a fundamental criterion for a sample to be considered random. By using a random selection method, like selecting names from a hat, we ensure that each student has the same probability of being included, thus the data collected will likely reflect the characteristics of the whole population more accurately.
Random samples are crucial in studies and polls to minimize biases and to provide reliable data that represents the entire population being studied. Examples of other random sampling methods include using a random number generator or selecting every nth participant in a list, so long as the starting point is randomized.