Final answer:
Nationalism can increase territorial and ideological conflicts as it fosters a strong sense of identity and pride in one's nation, which may result in the prioritization of national interests over international cooperation and give rise to disputes over self-determination, autonomy, and superiority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of nationalism, characterized by a strong identification with a nation, often creates a sense of unity and pride among its citizens. However, this sense of unity can also give rise to conflicts, especially when territories and ideologies are involved. When an empire consists of multiple nationalities, like the Ottoman Empire or Austria-Hungary, the drive for each group to have its own nation poses a significant threat to that empire's stability.
The varying definitions of nationalism, as seen in Germany and France, also contribute to conflicts, with Germany's ethnically defined nationalism conflicting with France's civic-based nationalism. Moreover, nationalism can be manipulated to justify superiority over others, leading to social exclusion and potentially to war, as was the case with fascism and Nazism.
The ideology of nationalism has been a powerful force in shaping the politics and conflicts of the 19th and 20th centuries. It has fueled independence movements, such as those in Vietnam and Algeria, but has also contributed to territorial conflicts and ideological divides. The strong belief in the right to self-determination and political autonomy can cause nations to prioritize their interests over international cooperation, which can result in heightened tensions and conflicts between nations. These disputes are often influenced by the historical, social, and political context of the involved parties, such as historical enmities, race, or religion.