Final answer:
The density of a substance is constant regardless of the quantity, thus a 10 g mass of Mars has the same density as a 10 kg mass of marble. Density is defined as the mass per unit of volume, and does not change with the mass of the substance provided the material is the same.
Step-by-step explanation:
When it comes to the question of whether the density of a 10 g mass of Mars is the same as the density of a 10 kg mass of marble, the answer is true. Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance and is independent of the quantity of the material. The density of Mars and the density of marble refer to the materials themselves, not to specific quantities. Therefore, as long as we are referring to the same material, the density remains constant regardless of the mass. The density of Mars and marble each have their own distinct values which do not change whether we have 10 g or 10 kg of the substance.
The SI unit of density is kg/m³. In the riddle regarding the feathers and bricks, although the masses are the same, the density varies greatly because feathers take up more volume due to their lower density compared to bricks. The metric system parameters for water, which set a density of 1 g/cm³ or equivalently 10³ kg/m³, reflect this understanding of density being a characteristic property of the substance itself, regardless of the quantity. To exemplify further, the average density of atoms in solid and liquid states aligns with the density of matter on a macroscopic scale, approximately 10³ kg/m³, which implies that atom-level and macro-level densities are aligned for a given substance.