Final answer:
To identify two unknown minerals, observe physical properties such as color, texture, and hardness; compare observations to a Rock and Mineral Guide or use identification apps; and validate findings against known mineral characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Identifying Unknown Minerals
When identifying two unknown minerals, one can rely on observable physical properties rather than in-depth chemical analyses. Three different mineral properties to consider are color, texture, and hardness. Color can often be misleading due to impurities, so it is important not to rely on it solely. Texture encompasses whether a mineral is foliated (layered) or non-foliated, which helps categorize the mineral's formation processes. Hardness is measured using the Mohs scale and can be tested in the classroom with common objects of known hardness. For example, a mineral that can be scratched by a copper coin but not by a fingernail has a hardness between 3 and 4 on the scale.
After observing the above characteristics, we compare them with a provided Rock and Mineral Guide or other identification tools like the MineralID app, Smart Geology, or the Mineral Identifier app. Confirming the properties of the unknown minerals with known reference materials allows for accurate identification.
Comparing Mineral Properties
To determine if the mineral identification is correct, compare the observed properties to documented samples in a guide or database. The comparison should also take into consideration any additional properties, such as the mineral's response to acid or its specific gravity, when available.