Final answer:
Plato founded the Academy, and his student Aristotle established the Lyceum in Athens. These schools became pivotal in the development of Western philosophy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The schools established by Plato and Aristotle are among the most renowned institutions in ancient history. Plato founded the Academy, a site of intellectual pursuit and philosophical education in Athens that lasted well into the early Middle Ages. It became one of the world's greatest centers for thought, where numerous philosophers converged to learn and discourse. In turn, Plato's most prominent pupil, Aristotle, founded his own school, the Lyceum, also in Athens.
The Lyceum emerged after Aristotle was overlooked to lead the Academy following Plato's death and highlighted a focus on the empirical study of the natural world, contrasting with Plato's ideation of forms existing separately from our physical world.