Final answer:
The proportionality of our obligations to others is based on the benefits we receive from them, as a means to satisfy our own desires or needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
While benevolence may require the overcoming of self-interest, the proportionality of our obligations to others is based on the benefits we receive from them as a means to satisfy our own desires or needs. This is known as reciprocal altruism, where individuals help others in the expectation of receiving help in return. It is a social exchange that ensures mutual benefit and helps maintain stable relationships within a community.
For example, in a barter system, if you provide goods or services to someone, you expect to receive something of similar value in return. Both parties benefit, and the obligation to reciprocate arises from the benefits gained. Similarly, in social relationships, people tend to help others who have helped them before or who they believe will be helpful in the future. The proportionality of obligations ensures that there is a fair and balanced exchange of benefits.
However, it is important to note that not all acts of kindness or benevolence are driven solely by self-interest. Many people engage in acts of pure altruism, where they help others without any expectation of receiving anything in return. Such acts are motivated by the desire to improve the well-being of others and contribute to the greater good.