Final answer:
Air resistance is a frictional force that opposes the motion of objects, including a cyclist moving at high speed. To overcome this force, the cyclist and motorcycle must exert additional force, which can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of air resistance on a bending cyclist is similar to its effect on other objects moving through the air. Air resistance is a frictional force that opposes the motion of objects as they travel. For a cyclist moving at high speeds, air resistance significantly affects their motion by requiring more force to maintain speed and by influencing how the cyclist must position themselves to reduce this resistance and maintain stability.
In the case of a motorcycle accelerating with a force against air resistance and friction, to calculate the total force exerted backward on the ground by the motorcycle, we would need to consider both the force needed to overcome resistance and the force required to accelerate. Given the mass of the motorcycle and rider (245 kg) and the acceleration (3.50 m/s²), along with the total resistance forces of 400 N, we can apply Newton's second law of motion (F=ma) to determine the net force and then add the resistance forces to find the total force exerted by the motorcycle.