Final answer:
Whey and casein proteins both aid in protein synthesis, with whey being rapidly digested and commonly used post-workout, while casein digests slowly and is often taken before bed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Both whey and casein proteins are known to increase protein synthesis, aiding in muscle recovery and growth. Whey protein, in particular, is full of essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids, with a high content of cysteine that helps in the biosynthesis of glutathione. It is commonly consumed by bodybuilders around workout times for its quick digestion and muscle recovery properties.
Casein, on the other hand, has a different amino acid profile, including glutamine and casomorphin, and is digested more slowly, making it ideal for ingestion before sleeping to help with protein synthesis overnight. Soy, egg-white, and hemp proteins offer alternative sources of protein for those with different dietary preferences or restrictions. These proteins are essential for muscle cells and bone, receiving a further boost from growth hormones and factors like IGF-1 that stimulate amino acid uptake.