Final answer:
Farming the flood plain can lead to soil erosion due to flooding. To combat this, integrating trees as part of water management and constructing protective structures can mitigate the effects and preserve fertile soil.
Step-by-step explanation:
One problem of farming the flood plain is soil erosion, caused by excessive water flow during floods that can remove the fertile topsoil essential for agricultural productivity. To reduce this problem, agricultural practices should focus on soil conservation. For instance, planting vegetation like trees alongside rivers can absorb the impact of heavy rainfall, mitigating soil erosion. Additionally, the construction of levees and terraces can help retain water and soil on the land.
Improving irrigation systems and creating water retention areas could also play a significant role in managing water levels and protecting farmlands in flood plains. These measures, which are part of integrated water management techniques, encourage the sustainable use of water resources while supporting agricultural activities in the face of inconsistent rainfall patterns and climate change.