Final answer:
India aimed for economic growth similar to developed countries with transitions from agriculture to manufacturing and then services, yet the manufacturing sector lagged despite the service sector's rapid expansion. Developed countries experienced a smoother industrial transition that fueled their economic development. India's desired changes including industrial growth and poverty reduction have not been fully realized due to various internal challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
Comparing and contrasting the economic development in India with that of developed countries, we notice distinct patterns and transitions. Developed countries typically experienced a transition from an agricultural economy to industrial and then to a service-based economy. India aspired to follow a similar pattern, shifting labor and resources from agriculture to manufacturing and then to services. However, unlike in developed countries where industrialization paved the way for economic growth and later transitioned smoothly into a service-oriented economy, India has not seen such a straightforward path.
India's services sector expanded rapidly, while the manufacturing sector did not grow as significantly as desired. This created a 'service-led growth' rather than the manufacturing-led growth that has been typical of economic development in developed countries. India's economic reforms in the 1990s aimed to unleash the potential of both industries, yet the manufacturing sector still lags behind in terms of technological advancement, infrastructural development, and scale of output.
The desired shifts in the Indian economy also included a reduction in poverty, modernization of agriculture, and substantial improvement in manufacturing output and exports. Nevertheless, despite significant gains in some areas, these changes did not materialize to the extent that was hoped for. Factors such as bureaucracy, policy inconsistencies, and insufficient investment in infrastructure may be some of the reasons for this disparity in growth patterns.