Final answer:
a) false The Problem of Evil is a philosophical issue concerning the reconciliation of evil's existence with a perfect deity, not about converting people from evil to good. It involves various theological and philosophical responses and is a central topic in discussions of theodicy and the nature of divinity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'the problem of evil is how to turn people from their evil ways to doing good' is false. The Problem of Evil is a philosophical dilemma concerning the question of how to reconcile the existence of evil with an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent deity. It is not primarily about changing the behavior of individuals but rather about understanding the coexistence of evil with the concept of a perfect deity. Within the problem of evil, several responses have been proposed, including theodicy, which attempts to justify the existence of evil without compromising the nature of the deity; the transformation of the conception of evil; and process.
Theology, which suggests revisions to the idea of the deity; and atheism, which denies the existence of the deity and thereby dissolves the dilemma. This philosophical issue prompts considerable debate and critical reflection, with thinkers like Augustine, Aquinas, and Hume contributing to the discussion. Each philosopher offers a different perspective on the challenge of understanding divine perfection in a world where moral evil is evident.